SEX WITH MEN: THE BOY AS SEDUCER
BY EDWARD BRONGERSMA

“Sex With Men: The Boy as Seducer” is part of “The Outlets”, the final section of “Boys and their Sexuality”, the third chapter of Loving Boys, the encyclopaedic study of Greek love by the eminent Dutch lawyer, Edward Brongersma, of which the first volume (including this) was published by Global Academic Publishers in New York in 1986.

We have discussed boys who were initiated into sexual activity by an adult man. They comprise, however, a small minority, for most have already had other kinds of sex experiences. In Sorensen’s investigation^[1] only 12% of the boys with homosexual experience had had their initial sexual contact with an adult partner. And even when the first partner was an adult, in two-thirds of the cases the activity was provoked by the boy himself.^[2] This conclusion was derived from criminal court statistics, and they certainly present a negatively skewed picture of what really goes on. This will become obvious if we consider that non-consensual contacts much more easily and frequently lead to judicial proceedings than contacts where the “victim” freely consents. Such statistics, then, are based upon a very biased sample and badly represent the phenomenon as a whole. Gebhard^[3] judged that the sexual activities of boys eleven years of age and younger were freely consented to by the boys, or even provoked by them, in 70% of the cases, and of boys 12 to 15 in 83% of the cases – this in the opinion of the investigating police officers who, in such affairs, are hardly biased in favour of the accused adult!

Many boys show their willingness beyond any possibility of doubt. Socrates in Plato’s Phaidros describes the beloved boy as embracing the man in swelling desire, quite prepared to fulfill all his wishes.^[4] Strato says in one of his poems that you have only to crook your finger at Menedemos and he’d say, “Show me the way; I’ll follow you.”^[5] “The youth’s admiration for an older, stronger, and socially more effective male, and the man’s desire to play the role of mentor and guide may set the scene for emotions that are easily eroticised.^[6]

“The melting beauty of a boy (…) Lines, curves, landscapes of flesh more exquisite than any female body shows, more graceful and alive, the strength of his beauty – and more than a body for mine to glorify, but a mind of equal beauty wanting always to be taught, to be to my mind what his body is to mine… To fuck a boy’s just high-class jerking off; to make love to a boy you have to teach him something.”^[7]

166  Moll^[8] reports on a boy who even at the age of seven felt attracted to handsome males, especially soldiers, and experienced strong lust feelings when caressing them.

167 A ten-year-old Belgian boy had to make a bus trip of over an hour to visit his big friend. “As soon as I leave home to come to you I get a hard-on,” he told the man. (Personal communication)

168 A Rotterdam teacher had given some sexual education to his elementary school class. A month later a big, blond twelve-year-old rang his doorbell and told him, “I’d like to have sex with you. May I take my clothes off?” (Personal communication)

169 A thirteen-year-old American read in a newspaper “that fags hung around men’s rooms, so he went to the beach with his parents and hung around the men’s room there; his patience was quickly rewarded.”^[9] A similar story is told by the Dutch author Jef Last.^[10] His mother warned her son to stay away from a certain Rotterdam park after dark because “bad men” loitered there. So he went to that park repeatedly, hoping to be seduced, but never met with any success.

170  A fifteen-year-old German schoolboy, Wolfgang Bettge,^[11] published a poem in which he fantasises having run away from home. He gets on a train and shares a compartment with a man in his thirties, and soon he is talking confidentially with the man. The man invites him home. “Okay, I’ll come with you,” the boy immediately agrees, already looking forward to what is going to happen. Once inside the house the man says, “I’d like to sleep with you.” The poem continues:

I said “Why not?”
So we went to the bedroom and switched off the light.
He lay down on the bed and said, “No objections?
I shook my head and pulled off my clothes.
He was lying on the bed,
He looked handsome, and rather nice.
I went to him, he was very hot, and I sucked his big cock
While he was nibbling at the tip of mine
And spittle flowed out of his mouth.
And when I finally came
He went wild, but only for a moment, and afterwards he was paralysed.
There we were lying, the two of us, one with his own thoughts and the other satisfied.
But thinking it over afterwards in peace,
I had to admit it was just plain fun.

Everyone who has dealt with children knows how often their intense interest in sex makes them provoke a sexual response in others. The boys “often appear to be themselves much more emotionally involved than had previously been thought.”^[12] It follows from “research and studies the teenage youth seeking relations with older men is probably more often than not the aggressor.^[13] A Dutch physician not long ago observed with more than a trace of irony that it was time we created board for the protection of adults from sexual provocation by young people.^[14] Child molesters no doubt exist, but there are grown-up molesters as well.^[15]

Pre-pubertal boys and young adolescents love rough housing, because it provides them with skin and body contact. This so often leads to more overt sexual activity: a boy starts playwrestling with his friend, gets an erection and makes sure that his opponent feels it. Or he simply “forgets” to button his fly after going to the bathroom and so draws attention to that part of his anatomy; if somebody makes a comment he might ask, frankly, “Do you want to see it?”

171  A man with a Jamaican father, English mother: “I was shown how to toss-off by a schoolmaster and another black friend at 13. (…) I got screwed by an older man, I’ve forgotten his age, about 35, I guess, when I was 15. I liked it and we were good friends and had sex for about a year. (…) Even at 15 I had a huge cock, it’s 9 inches now. I knew I was bigger than anyone else I’d ever seen. (…) So I was very proud of it and showed it off hard whenever I could, even at 14. That’s how the master got interested. I also picked up men and boys in parks and loos by flashing it big and hard.”^[16]

172  A teacher at a New England prep school writes, “It’s almost bedtime, and Phil appears in ripped pajamas which do little to hide his budding masculinity: ‘Why do you always look down there, Sir?’ A subtle grin, and the subject is switched to ‘a letter I just got from my girl. You wanna see it?’ I read the letter absently, kid Phil, run my knuckles down his backbone playfully. ‘Do that again, Sir. That feels good…”^[17]

Some boys carefully set up their seduction by conversation:

173  Ted was an appealing boy of 15, one of twelve children from a “problem family” in America’s rural Midwest. He worked in a drugstore and one day he was dispatched on a delivery to the home of a 41-year-old customer, a bachelor by the name of Marvin. There Ted saw some scalemodel ships which fascinated him, as model ship-building was his hobby. Marvin continues the story: “The next time I was in the drugstore, a week or so later, he commented again about the models, and said he would like to see them sometime. I told him to feel welcome to stop by.” A few days later he did. “I could see the boy was lonely, and I saw no harm in being friendly toward him. He asked about the models, and sat for an hour or so looking through a couple of books I had on the subject. (…) After that, Ted came by half a dozen times or so, always when he finished work at night. I picked up a fairly simple kit for a boat model, and encouraged him to begin working on it. Other times we would sit and talk about his school work or things of that sort. Once he brought one of his school books with him, and asked me to help with some homework. I did. Most of the time I spent my evenings alone, and it was good for me to have someone to talk to. (…) It was about the sixth or seventh visit that sex came into the conversation. Ted asked if I had a girl-friend or anything like that. I dodged his questions about that, but a little later he asked if I had any brothers. I told him I had two. Then he asked me if my brothers had ever done things with me. I questioned him about this, and finally he told me that his two older brothers (16- and 18-year-olds) had used him at different times for sexual purposes. (…) Surprisingly enough, he didn’t seem to mind his experiences with his brothers, even though he didn’t care too much for either of them. Nothing happened that evening, but he was back the next, and he hadn’t been there more than a few minutes when he asked if I wanted to ‘fool around some’. (…) The fooling around, on this initial occasion, was mutual masturbation. On subsequent occasions, acts of fellation took place, although Ted remained a passive partner in these acts. As to anal intercourse, however, the youth was a willing participant actively and passively, admitting that he had been instructed in the passive role of this act by his two brothers. (…) The relationship continued over a period of three years without any major problems” until Ted joined the U. S. Army.^[18] 

174  A 14-year-old newspaper-boy started showing a conspicuous interest in the personal affairs of one of his customers “when he called to collect money for the papers he had delivered. He then began delivering the paper personally, instead of leaving it outside the door as formerly; the next step was a series of sly allusions to all the ‘girl friends’ that the man, a bachelor, must have. This was followed by allusions to his own sexual adventures and attempts to ‘get a girl’. There were offers to run errands, excuses to enter the apartment’ and the like. (…) Finally the boy one day, when the subject of conversation had turned to sex, displayed through his clothing an erection, calling the attention of the man to it. Sexual relations followed.”^[19]

175  A 32-year-old married sports instructor, employed at two German high schools, observed, “I’m constantly confronted by quite unambiguous attempts at sexual intimacy by boys, especially by the fourteen- to sixteen- year-olds. On trips and in campgrounds I often get into very difficult situations. I really couldn’t reproach any gay colleague of mine if, in a similar situation, temptation got the better of him. I know that even straight men, especially in my profession, become victims of boys’ tempestuous instincts.”^[20] 

176  In half the cases of this kind, writes Worsley,^[21] an English teacher: “it is not the older one who makes the advances. There was one attractive, yellow-haired boy who over a space of time regularly used to barge into my bedroom in shorts and singlet, when he knew I was changing back from games; and when I met him later at a party in London, he wanted to know why on earth I hadn’t taken advantage of his arrival. That was what he had come for! And this was far from an isolated incident.”

177  Jersild^[22] mentions the case of a Danish boy-lover who didn’t dare turn on the lights in his home at night so that they could be seen from outside, because if he did there would immediately be boys knocking at his door wanting to have sex with him.

It is not even rare for a boy to sexually assault a man.

178 An English boy of sixteen, looking back on his first experience a year earlier, said that he knew exactly what he wanted but not how to go about getting it. One day when his family was away from home and he was alone with his uncle he steered the conversation toward the subject of sex and then he asked the man to do it with him. When his uncle refused the boy said would start to yell for help. At last the man gave in and did what his nephew demanded. Over the next six months they had sex again on several occasions. The boy admitted later that what he had done to initiate the sexual activities might seem most reprehensible, but actually it wasn’t so bad, for with sound intuition, he had been convinced that his uncle had really wanted it, too, but was afraid to start anything because the boy was so young.^[23] (Schofield 1965, 32).

On the other hand the inexperienced boy may have longings which at first he cannot clearly understand.

179  In a letter to the Parisian “Service for Children in Crisis”, a boy wrote, “I’m fourteen. My parents are rather nice to me, but even so they’re making my life awfully difficult. I’m in love with a young man of 22. We have to meet secretly. Our love is intense and enduring. It has overcome all moral, social and family objections. And I can tell you that I most definitely was not seduced by my lover. The seducer was really me.”

He had met his friend in a holiday camp. “One night I found I couldn’t take my eyes off him… I felt a strong urge to seduce him. He seemed so distant, in his adult world, with his authority. (…) But I didn’t hesitate. You can’t imagine how full I was with desire and love. Thinking back on it even now I start to shiver. Then one night we went for a walk – it was the first time he really saw me. We discovered each other, we swept each other along in joy of our lust. And that’s how I learned that there was such a thing as lust. My boyhood is going to last such a short time, and I want to enjoy it as fully as I can, but people make this impossible. Yet, when I think of all those things which happen in boarding schools, in holiday camps – all those people who do secretly and yet are the first to act indignant and denounce others. The bastards! Or pathetic victims. I feel completely normal myself, and I find girls and boys equally nice to look at. Beauty and love are everywhere. But I have to be secretive, when I’d like to shout to the whole world and tell everyone what’s so beautiful to me.”^[24]

“No one, I think, will deny that a young boy may be lineally, plastically beautiful; many, however, only hide from themselves that he is desirable. Oddly the boy knows it, and may supplement the effect instinctively, often to an astonishing degree. Many parents neither know nor believe this. Just how often it is the master who nearly seduces the boy, and just how often it is the boy (yes, nice, like yours) who nearly seduces the master, only someone who has taught at a prep school can tell you.”^[25] 

Why, then, do most people still persist in talking about “those poor betrayed boys”? Albert J. Reiss, Jr.^[26] advances several reasons. Where the boy has liked what happened to him he will keep silent about it, and so it is much less likely that the people about him, the police and the courts will ever learn about it than in cases where the boy really was victimised, was frightened or traumatised and subsequently complained. And then, too, parents tend to regard their boys as sexually immature, even after they have entered puberty; they are thus usually not aware that their sons are in the most sexually active period of their lives and so don’t see them as voluntarily seeking such contacts, especially contacts which they would consider deviant. Upon discovery they will sincerely, if conveniently, explain away the sexual activity by insisting that the child was the victim. Finally, “cases involving a close friend or relative are more likely to be dealt with through informal rather than legal means” which increases the general impression of people, and of the courts, that the older partner is usually a stranger who actually assaults the boy.

180 (continued from 155) Thomas went to teach in the same boarding school where he had once been a pupil. “The first day a boy sat down by my side and asked, ‘Back in your days did you use to fool around the way we do?’ I didn’t really know how to react to this, but I told him that this sort of thing always went on. Then he immediately brought up the subject of sexual play. I don’t remember how this came up… oh, yes, now I remember: his friends teased him and said, ‘who are you going to sleep with tonight?’ The boy felt sort of put down, especially because I was grinning, and what he actually asked was: ‘What are you laughing at? Were they already doing the same thing back in your days?’ I replied, ‘Yes, they were.’ He said, ‘And did you take part in the fun?’ I said, ‘Yes, that happened sometimes.’ ‘And do you still do it now?’ And then I gave him an answer I should never have let out of my mouth: ‘Sitting next to you like this, I’m asking myself the same question.’ The boy said you don’t talk about these things before you do them; you just do them. He took my hand a [sic] put it on his crotch. I simply didn’t know what to do. I’m hardly shy, but… I found it rather embarrassing. (…) He was ten, maybe ten-and-a-half. (…) Vincent is today a married man.”^[27]

Stories such as Heinz Birken relates in his book Knabenträume are not just wishful thinking!

181  “Tony was just thirteen and bore himself with a superb, solitary aloofness that completely disdained law and order (…) He skied all winter and sat in the Mediterranean all summer, and was solid gold in aspect as well as circumstance. In addition he was ravishingly beautiful. (…) To Tony all the instincts of the ‘femme fatale’ were first nature, and seemed to flow from deep inside him. By turns I suffered cruelly, the soft pedallings of retreat, streaks of an astonishing tenderness (quite years, I would have thought, beyond his age), and shattering tantrums of bitchiness. (…) Compared to Tony’s technique, Sylvia’s (a divorced nymphomaniac woman) was that of a frigid child; so much vestigial coelocanth. Tony was no prudish boy. One of his more engaging habits was to hurl himself on to my knee whenever he found me in a chair. Once established he would snuggle down, and being Tony, would take and give a running commentary on the rate and significance of my pulse. I buried my nose hopeless in his hair.”^[28]

182  The boy’s point of view is well depicted in the book Drei Milliarden Perverse.^[29]  The narrator was thirteen-and-a-half when he met a young man in a swimming pool and felt strongly attracted to him. They struck up a conversation. “This near-naked young man wearing only a triangular piece of cloth made it clear to me that everything about me betrayed my desire to sleep with him. I was so excited that all at once I asked him, ‘What are we waiting for? Why don’t we do it in your changing cabin?’ He said, ‘That’s impossible – people would see. But if you come here next Thursday at the same time we’ll get a cabin for two.’ I dropped my eyes to those thighs, to that little black triangle… The cloth could hardly hide something thick and troublesome. That was all that happened then. We put on our clothes, left the pool together. (…) We talked for a few minutes. Then I boarded my bus. We never met again. Imagine how I felt all the next week. I kept trying to visualise his giant body: I would press myself against it, my head would go down to his belly and I would hide my face between his thighs. I would sniff the salty, crab-like smell of his cock, upon my lips feel the tenderness of its tip, crammed so full and swollen. It would be as though I was a little animal in his nest about to descend to the earth’s depths. Was there in all of this – how shall I say it – tenderness, love? (…) Yes, it was love, I have to insist: my fantasies were not vicious; at that time I didn’t know, as now, the painful separation between the way of tenderness and the way of sexuality. I would never, for example, have conceived the idea of jerking off while thinking about him. I was mortally excited imagining his naked body, his bronzed skin, his thighs, his mouth upon mine, his arms embracing me, his hands moving from my thighs upwards to my breast and then down again, and his warmth: being paired with him, he to me. How I dreamed about this contact of skin to skin! Would I ever find him again?”

183 Fourteen-year-old Bruno was a run-away from an orphanage. Jacques de Brethmas took him in without any ulterior motive. The boy had been roaming about in the rain, had eaten nothing for the past two days and was desperate. “He kissed me as he would have kissed his father, the father he never had had. He snuggled against me. I comforted him, cuddled him, fondled him like a baby. Then he got a hard-on. This was quite spontaneous, something which I hadn’t tried to provoke – which proves how human nature, at this age, always prevails, that there is no boundary between the various phases of friendship and physical contact. (…) I was firmly determined not to make any erotic advance, just to see what would happen. I did nothing to guide his mouth toward mine, to make his hand slide beneath my shirt, over my naked skin. Meticulously I only did to him what he had first done to me. Now he has loved me; I have loved him – we have loved us. I didn’t suggest anything to him. He was still totally inexperienced, and yet he overwhelmed me. For he knew instinctively the meaning of a touch, its capacity to unite. He understood the essence of closeness of two persons. He was as one should be at fourteen: charming, delicate, pubic hair only a silky fluff, figure fine and spindle-shaped, gestures clumsy and graceful at the same time. He surrendered himself because he honestly wanted to give me all he had to give, which was himself. He was from start to finish the author of his own sexual initiation. I didn’t ask him for anything; he did everything to me, spontaneously, as a matter of course, as if he had been doing it all his life.”^[30]

184  David Thorstad, a 38-year-old American, wrote, “A few years ago, before I had really discovered an attraction for boys, I myself was seduced by a fourteen-year-old boy, without a word being said about sex. (…) I was not used to boys. I was afraid. In this case, if there was any seduction going on, it was he who was doing the seducing. Seduction is not bad in and of itself. Sometimes it’s the best thing that could happen. I like what the Canadian lesbian writer Jane Rule has said about seduction: ‘the problem is not to protect children from adult seduction, but to make adults easier to seduce’.”^[31]

185  One day a very handsome sixteen-year-old came to an artist and suddenly said, “You can draw me if you want.”

“Yes, I’d like to very much.”

“But I’m ashamed, because it’s curved.”

“Why? That’s the same with every boy – it always hangs down with a curve!”

“No, I mean when it’s stiff.”

He had given himself away, and now he blushed, afraid. Nevertheless he quickly undressed and revealed a large penis, already erect, bending a bit to one side.

“May I touch it?” the artist asked.

“You can do anything with me you like!”

The artist fondled the excited member and in about two minutes it shot its seed with powerful jets while, at the same time, the boy’s face tensed as though in great pain. Later he told the man that with girls, too, he always came that quickly; he had been having coitus now for several months. This boy’s upbringing had been strict: his parents had given him very little freedom. But when he was only twelve he was already so sexy that he began to virtually throw himself at men and boys and ever since had been having regular homosexual contacts. Offering himself to this sympathetic artist marked the beginning of a relationship that endured for many years (Personal communication).

186  One of Bernard’s subjects told him that, as a boy, he used to put on his smartest and cutest shorts and go out on the streets to attract men with the sight of his well-shaped legs, and then allow himself to be “seduced” by them.^[32] Likewise, a Frenchman claims that he has hunted men since he was fourteen: “I always got what I wanted.”^[33] 

A fifteen-year-old boy even wrote a kind of manifesto which declared, “We, the younger ones, no longer want to be the game from which adult hunters can take their pick: the great majority of us wish to actively hunt men ourselves, and choose such of them as please us.”^[34]

Once the rumour starts to circulate that a particular man loves boys, it may draw them like light does moths. When Jacques de Brethmas published his witty Treatise on how to hunt boys^[35] he received many letters, a number from boys. “A small minority call me a big, disgusting pervert abusing their ingenuousness, their honesty and a lot of other qualities they pretend to possess, which are quite inconsistent with the grossness of their insults. But a majority longs fervently to meet me, often backing this up by penning love letters and enclosing nude photos.”^[36] 

187  In a working class district of a Dutch town the rumour spread that a certain man had been arrested by the police for “indecent assault” on boys. When he was sent home again, with the case dismissed, he was annoyed at how many people whispered about him and avoided him. But at night, after dark, boys came knocking at his door, one after the other. This one wanted his transistor radio inspected, the second had problems fixing his bicycle tyre, and so on – all kinds of excuses to come to him. (Personal communication) A Frenchman similarly reported that, home again after serving a prison sentence for indecent assault on a boy, he was simply besieged by boys hanging around him, loitering to meet him, looking for some reason to talk with him.^[37]

Given on the one hand this great willingness of many boys and on the other hand the great psychological susceptibility of men to sexual excitement^[38]; add to that the fact that the average man is much more inclined than is a woman to become sexually active soon after meeting an attractive prospective partner; add further the social repression which renders long-lasting man/boy relationships especially difficult and dangerous, then it can easily be understood how an energetic, spirited, active man who is enterprising rather than timid, endowed with a strong sexual appetite, may have dealings with a considerable number of boys. Hajo Ortil, famous leader of a German youth group, once declared, “I believe during my life I have welcomed some 800 naked boys into my bed, all willing to be satisfied and to satisfy me. Now they’ve all grown to adult men. Not a single one of them ever complained.”^[39] And when the Australian police, after the death of Clarence Osborne, discovered that this unimpressive court recorder over a twenty-year period had been sexually intimate with 2500 boys, many of whom now occupied important positions in Australian public life, nothing, again, astonished them more than the fact that not a single “victim” had ever complained or protested, and a surprising number appeared to revere his memory.^[40] We will have more to say about promiscuity in Chapter Four.

*  *  *

 “No manifestation of the sexual drive is in itself either immoral, criminal, or pathological. But, on the other hand, any manifestation of the sexual drive may be any of these things. What is important is not whether a given type of sexual behavior is heterosexual, homosexual or autoerotic, but what purpose it is put to, what it means to the persons involved, and its connection with the entire life pattern of the individual concerned.”^[41] 

Sexual relations between boys and men are in themselves neither bad nor good. Whether or not we have to attach a negative or a positive value to them depends entirely upon the circumstances of their occurrence. The negative aspects, both real and presumed, will occupy us in the next chapter.

Continue to Chapter Four: The Negative Aspects of Man/Boy Relations: Presumed and Real

^[1] Sorensen, R. C., Adolescent Sexuality in Contemporary America. New York: World Publishing, 1973, 292. [Author’s reference]

^[2] Gibbens, T. C. N. & Prince, J., Child Victims of Sex Offences. London: I.S.T.D., 1963, 7. [Author’s reference]

^[3] Gebhard, P. H., Gagnon, J. H., Pomeroy, W. B. & Christenson, C.Y., Sex Offenders. New York: Harper & Row, 1965, 293, 320. [Author’s reference]

^[4] Buffière, F., Eros adolescent–La pédérastie dans la Grèce antique. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1980, 630 [Author’s reference]. The real source is Plato, Phaidros 256, where Sokrates says: “Meanwhile, the boy’s bad horse has nothing to say, but swelling with desire, confused, it hugs the lover and kisses him in delight at his great good will.” [Website footnote]

^[5] Anthologia Graeca, Ed. Hermann Beckby, München: Heimeran, 1958, XII 184 [Author’s reference].

^[6] Churchill, W., Homosexual Behavior Among Males. New York: Hawthorn, 1967, 86. Tripp, C. A., The Homosexual Matrix. New York: New American Library, 1975, 75. [Author’s reference]

^[7] Valentine, J., Puppies, Glen Ellen: Entwhistle Books, 1979, p. 89 [Author’s reference].

^[8] Moll, A., Das Sexualleben des Kindes. Berlin: Walther, 1909, 120. [Author’s reference]

^[9] Rose, F., Men and Boys Together. The Village Voice 23, 9: 1, 17-21, 1978, 18. [Author’s reference]

^[10] Last, J., Mijn vriend André Gide. Amsterdam: Van Ditmar, 1966, 20. [Author’s reference]

^[11] Bettge, W., Wohin? Ben 2: 11, 1974, 2. [Author’s reference]

^[12] Lambert, K. The Scope and Dimensions of Paedophilia, in: Kraemer, Gordon, Lambert & Williams, The Normal and Abnormal Love of Children. Kansas City (MO): Sheed Andrews & McMeel, 1976, p. 88 [Author’s reference].

^[13] Blake, R., The Sexually Precocious Teenager. Cleveland: Century Books, 1970, 39. [Author’s reference]

^[14] Wind, E. de, Variatie of perversie. ‘s-Gravenhage: NVSH, 1969, 78. [Author’s reference]

^[15] Hertoft, P., Sexuelle afvigelser. In: Hertoft (Ed.), Pædagogisk Sexologi. Copenhagen: Gyldendal, 1971, I -209, [Author’s reference]

^[16] Barrington, J. S., Sexual Alternatives for Men. London: Alternative Publishing, 1981, 86. [Author’s reference]

^[17] DIRECTOR OF ADMISSIONS. A, Admission of a Director of Admissions. International Journal of Greek Love 1, 2: 38-39, 1960, 39. [Author’s reference]

^[18] Banis, V. J. Men and their Boys–The Homosexual Relationship Between Adult and Adolescent. Los Angeles: Medico Books, 1966, 39-44. [Author’s reference]

^[19] Eglinton, J. Z., Greek Love. New York: Oliver Layton, 1964, 457. [Author’s reference]

^[20] Werres, J., Instinkt und “gesundes Volksempfinden”. Geist und Tat 18: 239-242, 1963, 241. [Author’s reference]

^[21] Worsley, T. C., Flannelled Fool. London: Alan Ross, 1967, 124. [Author’s reference]

^[22] Jersild, J., De pædofile–Børneelskere. København: Nyt Nordisk Forlag, 1964, 216. [Author’s reference]

^[23] M. Schofield 1965, 32 [Author’s reference, but it is not clear to which book by Schofield he was referring]

^[24] Boulin, B. et al, La Charte des enfants. Paris: Stock, 1977, 40-41. [Author’s reference]

^[25] Toynbee, Th., Underdogs. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1961, 84. [Author’s reference]

^[26] Reiss Jr., A. J., Sex Offenses: the Marginal Status of the Adolescent. In: Gagnon & Simon (Eds.), Sexual Deviance. New York: Harper & Row, 1967, 68-69. [Author’s reference]

^[27] Hennig, J.-L., Thomas, 30 ans: Bruno, 15 ans: le nouveau couple zig-zag. Recherches 37: 137-166, 1979, 147-148. [Author’s reference]

^[28] Toynbee, Th., Underdogs. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1961, 85-86. [Author’s reference]

^[29] Dieckmann, B. & Pescatore, F., Drei Milliarden Perverse (Trois Milliards de Pervers), Berlin: Rosa Winkel, 1980, pp. 55-6 [Author’s reference].

^[30] Brethmas, J. de, Détournement de majeur. Paris: Perchoir, 1980, 46-47. [Author’s reference]

^[31] Thorstad, D. & Hocquenghem, G., Loving Boys. Semiotext(e) Special, Summer 1980, 35. [Author’s reference]

^[32] Bernard, F., Pädophilie–Liebe mit Kindern. Lollar: Achenbach, 1979, 37. [Author’s reference]

^[33] Léonetti, P.-F., Je suis un homo… comme ils disent. Paris: Lefeuvre, 1978, 203. [Author’s reference]

^[34] Brethmas, J. de, Détournement de majeur. Paris: Perchoir, 1980, 12. [Author’s reference]

^[35] Brethmas, J. de, Traité de chasse au minet. Paris: Perchoir, 1979,  [Author’s reference]

^[36] Brethmas, J. de, Détournement de majeur. Paris: Perchoir, 1980, 12. [Author’s reference]

^[37] Léonetti, P.-F., Je suis un homo… comme ils disent. Paris: Lefeuvre, 1978, 223. [Author’s reference]

^[38] Frenken, J., Afkeer van seksualiteit, Deventer: Van Loghum Slaterus, 1976, p. 49 [Author’s reference].

^[39] PAN magazine IX (1981) 24 [Author’s reference].

^[40] Wilson, P., The Man They Called a Monster, North Ryde: Cassell Australia, 1981 [Author’s reference]

^[41] Churchill, W., Homosexual Behavior Among Males. New York: Hawthorn, 1967, 161. [Author’s reference]